Manufacturers
Popular Vehicles
- A HCV bus chassis from Ashok Leyland.
- Has GVW capacity of 16.2 Tonnes.
- Possible seating capacity of 65.
- Used by Tour operators, Schools.
BUSES (?)
Driving Configurations.
Built of the body.
type of brakes used.
Popularity of the brand & its products.
Type & structure of the Chassis.
Bharat stage emission standards are emission standards instituted by the Government of India to regulate the output of air pollutants from internal combustion engine equipment, including motor vehicles. The standards and the timeline for implementation are set by the Central Pollution Control Board under the Ministry of Environment & Forests.
The standards, based on European regulations were first introduced in 2000. Progressively stringent norms have been rolled out since then. All new vehicles manufactured after the implementation of the norms have to be compliant with the regulations.Since October 2010, Bharat stage III norms have been enforced across the country. In 13 major cities, Bharat stage IV emission norms are in place since April 2010.
While the norms help in bringing down pollution levels, it invariably results in increased vehicle cost due to the improved technology & higher fuel prices. However, this increase in private cost is offset by savings in health costs for the public, as there is lesser amount of disease causing particulate matter and pollution in the air.
Emission standards for new heavy-duty diesel engines—applicable to vehicles of GVW > 3,500 kg—are listed below
| Year | Reference | Test | CO | HC | NOx | PM |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1992 | - | ECE R49 | 17.3-32.6 | 2.7-3.7 | - | - |
| 1996 | - | ECE R49 | 11.20 | 2.40 | 14.4 | - |
| 2000 | Euro I | ECE R49 | 4.5 | 1.1 | 8.0 | 0.36* |
| 2005† | Euro II | ECE R49 | 4.0 | 1.1 | 7.0 | 0.15 |
| 2010† | Euro III | ESC | 2.1 | 0.66 | 5.0 | 0.10 |
| ETC | 5.45 | 0.78 | 5.0 | 0.16 | ||
| 2010‡ | Euro IV | ESC | 1.5 | 0.46 | 3.5 | 0.02 |
| ETC | 4.0 | 0.55 | 3.5 | 0.03 | ||
| * 0.612 for engines below 85 kW
† earlier introduction in selected regions, see Table 1 ‡ only in selected regions, see Table 1
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European emission standards define the acceptable limits for exhaust emissions of new vehicles sold in EU member states. The emission standards are defined in a series of European Union directives staging the progressive introduction of increasingly stringent standards.
Currently, emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx), total hydrocarbon (THC), non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHC), carbon monoxide (CO) and particulate matter (PM) are regulated for most vehicle types, including cars, lorries, trains, tractors and similar machinery, barges, but excluding seagoing ships and aeroplanes. For each vehicle type, different standards apply. Compliance is determined by running the engine at a standardised test cycle. Non-compliant vehicles cannot be sold in the EU, but new standards do not apply to vehicles already on the roads. No use of specific technologies is mandated to meet the standards, though available technology is considered when setting the standards. New models introduced must meet current or planned standards, but minor lifecycle model revisions may continue to be offered with pre-compliant engines.
In the early 2000s, Australia began harmonising Australian Design Rule certification for new motor vehicle emissions with Euro categories. Euro III was introduced on 1 January 2006 and is progressively being introduced to align with European introduction dates.
The official category name is heavy-duty diesel engines, which generally includes lorries and buses.
EU Emission Standards for HD Diesel Engines, g/kWh (smoke in m−1)
| Tier | Date | Test cycle | CO | HC | NOx | PM | Smoke |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Euro I | 1992, < 85 kW |
ECE R-49 |
4.5 | 1.1 | 8.0 | 0.612 | |
| 1992, > 85 kW | 4.5 | 1.1 | 8.0 | 0.36 | |||
| Euro II | October 1996 | 4.0 | 1.1 | 7.0 | 0.25 | ||
| October 1998 | 4.0 | 1.1 | 7.0 | 0.15 | |||
| Euro III | October 1999 EEVs only | ESC & ELR | 1.0 | 0.25 | 2.0 | 0.02 | 0.15 |
| October 2000 |
ESC & ELR |
2.1 | 0.66 | 5.0 | 0.10 0.13* |
0.8 | |
| Euro IV | October 2005 | 1.5 | 0.46 | 3.5 | 0.02 | 0.5 | |
| Euro V | October 2008 | 1.5 | 0.46 | 2.0 | 0.02 | 0.5 | |
| Euro VI | 31. December 2013 | 1.5 | 0.13 | 0.4 | 0.01 | ||
| * for engines of less than 0.75 dm³ swept volume per cylinder and a rated power speed of more than 3,000 per minute. EEV is "Enhanced environmentally friendly vehicle". | |||||||
Emission standards for Large Goods Vehicles
| Standard | Date | CO (g/kWh) | NOx (g/kWh) | HC (g/kWh) | PM (g/kWh) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Euro 0 | 1988–1992 | 12.3 | 15.8 | 2.6 | none |
| Euro I | 1992–1995 | 4.9 | 9.0 | 1.23 | 0.40 |
| Euro II | 1995–1999 | 4.0 | 7.0 | 1.1 | 0.15 |
| Euro III | 1999–2005 | 2.1 | 5.0 | 0.66 | 0.1 |
| Euro IV | 2005–2008 | 1.5 | 3.5 | 0.46 | 0.02 |
| Euro V | 2008–2012 | 1.5 | 2.0 | 0.46 | 0.02 |
| Standard | Date | CO (g/kWh) | NOx (g/kWh) | HC (g/kWh) | PM (g/kWh) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Euro 0 | 1988–1992 | 11.2 | 14.4 | 2.4 | none |
| Euro I | 1992–1995 | 4.5 | 8.0 | 1.1 | 0.36 |
| Euro II | 1995–1999 | 4.0 | 7.0 | 1.1 | 0.15 |
Displacement, type, No.of cylinders.
Positioning of the engine
Type of floors available in fully built buses.
Determines the space provided for placement of front doors just before the front tyres.
Fuel type and capacity.
The gross vehicle weight rating (also gross vehicle mass, GVWR, GVM) is the maximum operating weight/mass of a vehicle as specified by the manufacturer including the vehicle's chassis, body, engine, engine fluids, fuel, accessories, driver, passengers
Maximum power.
Maximum speed the vehicle can attend at its Topmost gear.
Maximum Torque
total number of forward gears used in the vehicle.
Length of the vehicle from front to back.
After sales facility provided by the manufacturer.
Determines the space provided for placement of rear doors/bus body part just after the rear tyres.
Number of seats possible.
Type of steering options for better manueverability.
Our rating for the vehicle.
Distance between the centres of front & rear axles.
UNIVERSAL
* To calculate a detailed EMI, visit our dedicated Estimator Page. This is an estimate, actual rates may vary
